Tissue repair & signaling
Peptides studied in wound, tendon, gut and angiogenesis models.
| Compound | Research area | Residues | Highest evidence | Sequence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARA-290 (cibinetide) | Tissue repair & signaling | 11 | Early clinical studies | PyrEQLERALNSS–OH |
| BPC-157 | Tissue repair & signaling | 15 | Early clinical studies | GEPPPGKPADDAGLV–OH |
| TB-500 | Tissue repair & signaling | 7 | Preclinical (animal and cell studies) | Ac–LKKTETQ–OH |
| Thymosin β4 | Tissue repair & signaling | 43 | Late-stage clinical trials | 43 residues |
- ARA-290 (cibinetide)
ARA-290 (cibinetide) is an 11-residue synthetic peptide modeled on a surface region of erythropoietin. It was designed to engage tissue-protective signaling without stimulating red blood cell production and has been studied in early clinical trials of neuropathy.
- BPC-157
BPC-157 is a synthetic 15-amino-acid peptide whose sequence was derived from a protein fraction of gastric juice. It is studied mainly in rodent models of gastrointestinal, tendon and soft-tissue injury and is not approved for any use.
- TB-500
TB-500 is a research name most often applied to a short synthetic N-acetylated fragment of thymosin β4, Ac-LKKTETQ, but it is also used loosely for full-length thymosin β4. There are no direct human studies of the fragment.
- Thymosin β4
Thymosin β4 is a naturally occurring 43-amino-acid peptide that binds monomeric actin and is abundant in many cell types. It has been studied in animal models of tissue repair and in human trials of ophthalmic and topical formulations, and is not approved.
Comparisons in this area
- BPC-157 vs TB-500
BPC-157 and TB-500 are unrelated synthetic peptides often discussed together in tissue-repair research. This page compares their origin, structure, proposed mechanisms, evidence base, regulatory status and the analytical issues raised by combined blends.
- TB-500 vs thymosin β4
TB-500 usually refers to a short synthetic fragment of thymosin β4, a 43-residue actin-binding protein, but the name is applied inconsistently. This page compares the two and explains why the conflation matters for identity testing, evidence interpretation and regulatory review.
- Thymosin α1 vs thymosin β4
Thymosin α1 and thymosin β4 share a name because both were first isolated from the same thymus extract, but they are unrelated in sequence, origin and function. This page compares their structures, biology, evidence base, regulatory status and analytical concerns.